In Hillbilly Elegy, Mamaw and Papaw play a crucial role as the primary sources of love, stability, and support in J.D. Vance's upbringing. They provided him with life lessons and a sense of self-confidence, which were essential for pursuing the American Dream. However, their own backgrounds and the challenges they faced, such as poverty and a lack of family support, shaped their parenting and influenced Vance's understanding of familial relationships. Despite their struggles, they instilled a sense of hillbilly pride, which Vance associates with themes of justice and loyalty. Mamaw, in particular, took on significant responsibilities by raising her grandchildren, revealing both her strength and the burdens she carried after the death of Papaw. Overall, their influence is a blend of both love and the difficulties inherent in their cultural and familial circumstances.