Hillbilly Elegy presents a nuanced perspective on the American Dream and class mobility, particularly in the context of the Appalachian community. J.D. Vance reflects on how, despite the aspirations for success and upward mobility, many in his community face significant barriers that hinder their chances of achieving this dream. He points out that children from impoverished backgrounds, especially in the South and Appalachia, struggle to rise through the ranks of America’s meritocracy compared to those in more prosperous regions. Vance illustrates that his grandparents managed to achieve a degree of financial success after moving north, yet this progress was not fully embraced—they remained culturally tied to their roots, which underscores a persistent sense of unease despite their economic advancements. He also emphasizes that while there are stories of individuals achieving the American Dream, these are often overshadowed by the systemic issues that contribute to low social mobility, including poverty and addiction prevalent in his community. Ultimately, Vance suggests that the American Dream, while attainable for some, is fraught with challenges and often remains out of reach for many, especially those from similar backgrounds as his own.